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Common potential bacterial pathogens of crayfish, frogs, and fish
Ambroski RL, Glorioso JC and Amborski GF 
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Abstract
Pseudomonas sp., Citrobacter freudii, Aeromonas sp., and Flavobacterium sp. were isolated from aquaria water, fish, bullfrogs, and crayfish. Millipore filtered 48-hour broth cultures of these bacteria proved lethal to juvenile bullfrogs, tadpoles, and fish within 30 minutes and to crayfish within 2 hours. A partially purified fraction prepared from the toxic broth from the Flavobacterium sp. killed test animals in 12 hours. Washed cells from stationary phase broth cultures of the four organisms were found to be approximately 50% viable after 4 days of starvation in glass distilled water. Since these bacteria release toxic products and survive well in water, it is possible that they may represent a serious threat to many aquatic animals especially under those conditions where bacterial populations are allowed to concentrate.
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Ambroski RL, Glorioso JC and Amborski GF. (1975). Common potential bacterial pathogens of crayfish, frogs, and fish. Freshwater Crayfish 2(1):317-326. doi: 10.5869/fc.1975.v2.317
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